JEE Physics 2023 Question with Solution

Given: The question asks how the average kinetic energy of a gas molecule depends on physical quantities.

Find: The correct relation for average kinetic energy.

From kinetic theory, the translational kinetic energy per molecule is

$$KE = \frac{3}{2}kT$$

Thus, the average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

It is independent of pressure, volume, and the nature of the gas.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

Given: Average translational kinetic energy of one molecule.

Find: Whether it depends on temperature, volume, pressure, or nature of gas.

Using the kinetic theory result,

$$\text{Average translational kinetic energy per molecule} = \frac{3}{2}kT$$

Since only $T$ appears in the expression, the quantity is proportional only to absolute temperature.

Hence it does not depend on volume, pressure, or the nature of the gas.

Therefore, the correct option is A, that is, proportional to absolute temperature.