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JEE Chemistry 2026 Question with Solution

Consider three metal chlorides xx, yy and zz, where xx is water soluble at room temperature, yy is sparingly soluble in water at room temperature and zz is soluble in hot water. xx, yy and zz are respectively _____.

  • A

    AlCl3, PbCl2 and BaCl2\mathrm{AlCl_3,\ PbCl_2\ and\ BaCl_2}

  • B

    AgCl, Hg2Cl2 and PbCl2\mathrm{AgCl,\ Hg_2Cl_2\ and\ PbCl_2}

  • C

    CuCl2, AgCl and PbCl2\mathrm{CuCl_2,\ AgCl\ and\ PbCl_2}

  • D

    MgCl2, AgCl and AlCl3\mathrm{MgCl_2,\ AgCl\ and\ AlCl_3}

Answer

Correct answer:C

Step-by-step solution

Standard Method

Given: Three metal chlorides xx, yy and zz are to be identified such that xx is soluble in water at room temperature, yy is sparingly soluble in water at room temperature, and zz is soluble in hot water.

Find: The correct option containing xx, yy and zz respectively.

Use common solubility trends of chlorides.

  • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl2)\mathrm{(CuCl_2)} is soluble in water at room temperature.
  • Silver chloride (AgCl)\mathrm{(AgCl)} is sparingly soluble in water because of its very low solubility product KspK_{sp}.
  • Lead(II) chloride (PbCl2)\mathrm{(PbCl_2)} is sparingly soluble in cold water but dissolves in hot water.

Therefore,

x=CuCl2,y=AgCl,z=PbCl2x = \mathrm{CuCl_2}, \quad y = \mathrm{AgCl}, \quad z = \mathrm{PbCl_2}

This corresponds to option C.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing AgCl\mathrm{AgCl} with a chloride that is freely soluble in water is incorrect because AgCl\mathrm{AgCl} is a classic sparingly soluble salt. Use standard solubility rules before matching the option.

  • Assuming PbCl2\mathrm{PbCl_2} is completely insoluble at all temperatures is incorrect because it dissolves significantly better in hot water. Check whether the question asks about room temperature or hot water.

  • Choosing a chloride such as AlCl3\mathrm{AlCl_3} for the hot-water-soluble case is incorrect because the distinctive chloride commonly identified as soluble in hot water here is PbCl2\mathrm{PbCl_2}. Match each description with the known qualitative solubility behavior.

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