JEE Chemistry 2025 Question with Solution

Given: Two statements about nitrogen, its oxides, and its halides are to be checked.

Find: Which option correctly identifies the truth values of Statement I and Statement II.

1. Statement I: Nitrogen forms oxides with oxidation states from $+1$ to $+5$.

Nitrogen indeed forms oxides such as $\mathrm{N_2O}$, $\mathrm{NO}$, $\mathrm{N_2O_3}$, $\mathrm{NO_2}$, and $\mathrm{N_2O_5}$, showing oxidation states from $+1$ to $+5$.

Nitrogen can form multiple bonds with oxygen through $\mathrm{p} \pi-\mathrm{p} \pi$ bonding, which helps stabilize these oxides.

Therefore, Statement I is true.

2. Statement II: Nitrogen does not form halides with $+5$ oxidation state due to the absence of d-orbital.

Nitrogen belongs to the second period and has no d-orbitals. Because of this, it cannot expand its octet, which is required for forming halides in the $+5$ oxidation state.

Hence nitrogen commonly forms halides like $\mathrm{NF_3}$, where its maximum oxidation state is $+3$, and not $+5$.

Therefore, Statement II is also true.

Conclusion: Both statements are true. The correct option is D.

Given: Two statements on the chemistry of nitrogen are provided.

Find: Decide the correct option by examining each statement separately.

For Statement I, the solution states that nitrogen forms several oxides, namely $\mathrm{N_2O}$, $\mathrm{NO}$, $\mathrm{N_2O_3}$, $\mathrm{NO_2}$, and $\mathrm{N_2O_5}$. These correspond to oxidation states ranging from $+1$ to $+5$. The statement further attributes this to the formation of $\mathrm{p} \pi-\mathrm{p} \pi$ bonding with oxygen. Hence, Statement I is true.

For Statement II, nitrogen is a second-period element and does not have vacant d-orbitals. Therefore, it cannot expand its octet to form halides in the $+5$ oxidation state. As noted in the solution, nitrogen forms compounds like $\mathrm{NF_3}$ rather than a $+5$ halide. Hence, Statement II is true.

Conclusion: Since both Statement I and Statement II are true, the correct option is D.