MCQMediumJEE 2026Equation of Line in 3D

JEE Mathematics 2026 Question with Solution

Let LL be the line x+12=y+13=z+36\frac{x+1}{2} = \frac{y+1}{3} = \frac{z+3}{6} and let SS be the set of all points (a,b,c)(a,b,c) on LL, whose distance from the line x+12=y+13=z90\frac{x+1}{2} = \frac{y+1}{3} = \frac{z-9}{0} along the line LL is 77. Then (a,b,c)S(a+b+c)\sum_{(a,b,c)\in S} (a+b+c) is equal to

  • A

    3434

  • B

    4040

  • C

    66

  • D

    2828

Answer

Correct answer:B

Step-by-step solution

Standard Method

Given: LL is the line x+12=y+13=z+36\frac{x+1}{2} = \frac{y+1}{3} = \frac{z+3}{6}. The required points on LL are at distance 77 along LL from the line x+12=y+13=z90\frac{x+1}{2} = \frac{y+1}{3} = \frac{z-9}{0}.

Find: (a,b,c)S(a+b+c)\sum_{(a,b,c)\in S}(a+b+c).

Write the parametric form of LL:

x+12=y+13=z+36=t\frac{x+1}{2} = \frac{y+1}{3} = \frac{z+3}{6} = t

So,

x=2t1,y=3t1,z=6t3x = 2t - 1, \quad y = 3t - 1, \quad z = 6t - 3

The second line is interpreted as

x+12=y+13,z=9\frac{x+1}{2} = \frac{y+1}{3}, \quad z = 9

Substitute z=9z = 9 into the parametric form of LL:

6t3=96t - 3 = 9 t=2t = 2

Hence the intersection point is

P(3,5,9)P(3,5,9)

Direction ratios of LL are (2,3,6)(2,3,6), whose magnitude is

22+32+62=7\sqrt{2^2 + 3^2 + 6^2} = 7

Therefore, a unit direction vector of LL is

(27,37,67)\left(\frac{2}{7}, \frac{3}{7}, \frac{6}{7}\right)

Points at distance 77 from PP along LL are

P±7(27,37,67)P \pm 7\left(\frac{2}{7}, \frac{3}{7}, \frac{6}{7}\right)

So the two points are

P1=(3,5,9)+(2,3,6)=(5,8,15)P_1 = (3,5,9) + (2,3,6) = (5,8,15)

and

P2=(3,5,9)(2,3,6)=(1,2,3)P_2 = (3,5,9) - (2,3,6) = (1,2,3)

Now,

(a+b+c)P1=5+8+15=28(a+b+c)_{P_1} = 5 + 8 + 15 = 28 (a+b+c)P2=1+2+3=6(a+b+c)_{P_2} = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6

Therefore,

(a,b,c)S(a+b+c)=28+6=40\sum_{(a,b,c)\in S}(a+b+c) = 28 + 6 = 40

So, the correct option is B.

Use one step along the direction vector

Given: The line LL has direction ratios (2,3,6)(2,3,6) and the reference point on LL comes from its intersection with the line having z=9z = 9.

Find: The sum of a+b+ca+b+c over all required points.

Since on LL,

z=6t3z = 6t - 3

putting z=9z = 9 gives

t=2t = 2

and hence

P=(3,5,9)P = (3,5,9)

Now the direction vector (2,3,6)(2,3,6) already has magnitude

4+9+36=7\sqrt{4+9+36} = 7

So moving a distance 77 along LL means moving exactly by ±(2,3,6)\pm(2,3,6). Thus the points are

(3,5,9)±(2,3,6)(3,5,9) \pm (2,3,6)

which gives (5,8,15)(5,8,15) and (1,2,3)(1,2,3). Their coordinate sums are 2828 and 66 respectively, so the total is

28+6=4028 + 6 = 40

Therefore, the correct option is B.

Common mistakes

  • Treating the second line as a completely unrelated skew line and not noticing that it represents the line x+12=y+13,  z=9\frac{x+1}{2} = \frac{y+1}{3}, \; z = 9. This is wrong because the solution requires the point where this line meets LL. First identify the common point correctly, then move along LL by the required distance.

  • Using the direction ratios (2,3,6)(2,3,6) directly as a unit vector without checking their magnitude. This is risky because distance along a line must be measured with a unit direction vector. Here the magnitude happens to be 77, so the displacement for distance 77 becomes exactly ±(2,3,6)\pm(2,3,6).

  • Finding only one point by moving in a single direction along LL. This is wrong because distance 77 along a line from a given point gives two points, one in each opposite direction. Always use both P+dP + \vec{d} and PdP - \vec{d}.

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