JEE Chemistry 2025 Question with Solution

Given: Two statements about sucrose formation and hydrolysis are to be evaluated.

Find: Which option correctly identifies the truth values of Statement I and Statement II.

Statement I is false. The expression shows $\text{D-(+)-glucose}$ and $\text{D-(+)-fructose}$ forming $\text{sucrose}$ with $H_2O$ over the arrow. However, sucrose formation occurs by a condensation reaction, not by simple addition of water. In contrast, hydrolysis of sucrose occurs in the presence of water and gives $\text{D-(+)-glucose}$ and $\text{D-(+)-fructose}$.

Statement II is true. On hydrolysis, sucrose gives a mixture of glucose and fructose, and this mixture is called invert sugar.

Therefore, Statement I is false but Statement II is true. The correct option is B.

Given:

• Statement I relates to formation and hydrolysis of sucrose.
• Statement II relates to invert sugar formed during sucrose hydrolysis.

Find: The correct combination of truth values.

For Statement I, the described reaction is incorrect. The solution explains that $\text{D-(+)-glucose}$ and $\text{D-(+)-fructose}$ combine through a condensation reaction to form sucrose. This is a dehydration process, so writing $\xrightarrow{H_2O}$ for sucrose synthesis is incorrect. The reverse process, namely hydrolysis of sucrose, does occur in the presence of water and produces glucose and fructose.

For Statement II, hydrolysis of sucrose produces a mixture of glucose and fructose called invert sugar. The solution states that this name is used because the optical rotation changes in direction during the process.

Hence:

• Statement I is false.
• Statement II is true.

Therefore, the correct option is B.