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MCQEasyJEE 2025Purification Methods (Crystallisation, Sublimation, Distillation)

JEE Chemistry 2025 Question with Solution

Match List-I with List-II:

Two-column matching list showing List-I with four separation cases and List-II with four distillation methods labeled I to IV.
  • A

    Choose the correct answer from the options given below: (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

  • B

    (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)

  • C

    (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)

  • D

    (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)

Answer

Correct answer:A

Step-by-step solution

Standard Method

Given: A matching question on separation techniques.

Find: The correct correspondence between the cases in List-I and the distillation methods in List-II.

From the solution working:

  1. (A) Aniline from aniline-water mixture is matched with steam distillation because a high boiling organic liquid immiscible with water is separated conveniently by this method.
  2. (B) Glycerol from spent-lye in soap industry is matched with distillation at reduced pressure to avoid decomposition at high temperature.
  3. (C) Different fractions of crude oil in petroleum industry are obtained by fractional distillation because the components have different boiling ranges.
  4. (D) Chloroform-Aniline mixture is matched with simple distillation in the provided working.

So the matching is:

(A)−(IV),(B)−(III),(C)−(II),(D)−(I)(A)-(IV), \quad (B)-(III), \quad (C)-(II), \quad (D)-(I)

This corresponds to option A.

There is a discrepancy in the provided the solution because one line later states a different option, but the step-by-step matching and conclusion above support option A.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

Why each method fits

Given: Four practical separations and four distillation techniques.

Find: The correct one-to-one match.

  • Steam distillation is used for water-immiscible, high boiling substances that may decompose on direct heating.
  • Distillation at reduced pressure is used for high boiling substances that can decompose near their normal boiling point.
  • Fractional distillation is used for mixtures of liquids having relatively close boiling points, such as petroleum fractions.
  • Simple distillation is used when components have sufficiently different boiling points.

Applying these ideas:

  • Aniline from aniline-water mixture →\rightarrow Steam distillation ⇒(A)−(IV)\Rightarrow (A)-(IV)
  • Glycerol from spent-lye in soap industry →\rightarrow Distillation at reduced pressure ⇒(B)−(III)\Rightarrow (B)-(III)
  • Different fractions of crude oil →\rightarrow Fractional distillation ⇒(C)−(II)\Rightarrow (C)-(II)
  • Chloroform-Aniline mixture →\rightarrow Simple distillation ⇒(D)−(I)\Rightarrow (D)-(I)

Hence the final matching is:

(A)−(IV),(B)−(III),(C)−(II),(D)−(I)(A)-(IV), \quad (B)-(III), \quad (C)-(II), \quad (D)-(I)

So the correct option is A.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing steam distillation with simple distillation for aniline-water mixture. This is wrong because aniline is separated conveniently with steam when dealing with an immiscible high boiling organic liquid. Check whether the organic compound is steam volatile before choosing the method.

  • Assigning fractional distillation to glycerol recovery. This is wrong because glycerol has a high boiling point and may decompose on strong heating. Use reduced pressure distillation for such compounds.

  • Treating crude oil separation as simple distillation. This is incorrect because crude oil contains many components with a range of boiling points. Use fractional distillation when multiple fractions are separated.

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