Match the List I with List II: Choose the correct answer from the… — Solution | JEE Physics

MCQEasyJEE 2023Semiconductors Basics

Match the List I with List II:

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Answer

Correct answer:D

Standard Method

Given: Match semiconductor types and metals with the correct position of the Fermi-level.

Find: The correct option.

For an intrinsic semiconductor, the Fermi-level lies at the middle of the valence and conduction bands, so A $\to$ II.

For an n-type semiconductor, the Fermi-level lies near the conduction band, so B $\to$ I.

For a p-type semiconductor, the Fermi-level lies near the valence band, so C $\to$ III.

For metals, the Fermi-level lies inside the conduction band, so D $\to$ IV.

Thus the matching is:

A \to II,\; B \to I,\; C \to III,\; D \to IV

Therefore, the correct option is D.

Placing the Fermi-level of an intrinsic semiconductor near one band is wrong because in a pure semiconductor it lies approximately at the middle of the band gap. Match intrinsic semiconductor with II.
Confusing n-type and p-type semiconductors is a common error. In n-type, electrons are majority carriers so the Fermi-level shifts toward the conduction band; in p-type, it shifts toward the valence band.
Assuming metals have a band gap like semiconductors is incorrect. In metals, the Fermi-level lies inside the conduction band, so it must be matched with IV.

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