MCQMediumJEE 2025Inverse & Adjoint of a Matrix

JEE Mathematics 2025 Question with Solution

For a 3×33 \times 3 matrix MM, let trace(MM) denote the sum of all the diagonal elements of MM. Let AA be a 3×33 \times 3 matrix such that A=12|A| = \frac{1}{2} and trace(A)=3\text{trace}(A) = 3. If B=adj(adj(2A))B = \text{adj}(\text{adj}(2A)), then the value of B+trace(B)|B| + \text{trace}(B) equals:

  • A

    132132

  • B

    5656

  • C

    174174

  • D

    280280

Answer

Correct answer:D

Step-by-step solution

Standard Method

Given: AA is a 3×33 \times 3 matrix with A=12|A| = \frac{1}{2} and trace(A)=3\text{trace}(A) = 3.

Find: B+trace(B)|B| + \text{trace}(B) where B=adj(adj(2A))B = \text{adj}(\text{adj}(2A)).

For a square matrix of order n=3n = 3, use the properties

adj(kA)=kn1adj(A)\text{adj}(kA)=k^{n-1}\text{adj}(A)

and

adj(adj(A))=An2A\text{adj}(\text{adj}(A)) = |A|^{n-2} A

Therefore,

adj(2A)=22adj(A)=4adj(A)\text{adj}(2A)=2^2\text{adj}(A)=4\text{adj}(A)

Now,

B=adj(adj(2A))=adj(4adj(A))B = \text{adj}(\text{adj}(2A)) = \text{adj}(4\text{adj}(A))

Again using adj(kM)=kn1adj(M)\text{adj}(kM)=k^{n-1}\text{adj}(M) for n=3n=3,

B=42adj(adj(A))=16adj(adj(A))B = 4^2\text{adj}(\text{adj}(A)) = 16\text{adj}(\text{adj}(A))

Also,

adj(adj(A))=AA\text{adj}(\text{adj}(A)) = |A|A

So,

B=16AA=1612A=8AB = 16|A|A = 16 \cdot \frac{1}{2} A = 8A

Now compute determinant and trace:

B=8A=83A=51212=256|B| = |8A| = 8^3|A| = 512 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = 256

and

trace(B)=trace(8A)=8trace(A)=83=24\text{trace}(B) = \text{trace}(8A) = 8\text{trace}(A) = 8 \cdot 3 = 24

Hence,

B+trace(B)=256+24=280|B| + \text{trace}(B) = 256 + 24 = 280

Therefore, the correct option is D.

Answer Discrepancy Note

The solution explicitly marks The Correct Option is C, but both solution approaches shown in the working compute

B+trace(B)=280|B| + \text{trace}(B) = 280

This matches option D, not option C = 174.

Thus, the working in the solution supports D as the defensible answer, and the listed correct-answer field is inconsistent with the actual computation.

Common mistakes

  • Using adj(kA)=kadj(A)\text{adj}(kA)=k\,\text{adj}(A) instead of adj(kA)=kn1adj(A)\text{adj}(kA)=k^{n-1}\text{adj}(A). For a 3×33 \times 3 matrix, the correct power is 22, so use adj(2A)=22adj(A)=4adj(A)\text{adj}(2A)=2^2\text{adj}(A)=4\text{adj}(A).

  • Applying adj(adj(A))\text{adj}(\text{adj}(A)) incorrectly. For a matrix of order nn, adj(adj(A))=An2A\text{adj}(\text{adj}(A))=|A|^{n-2}A. Here n=3n=3, so it becomes AA|A|A, not just AA or A2A|A|^2A.

  • Forgetting that determinant scales as kA=knA|kA|=k^n|A| while trace scales as trace(kA)=ktrace(A)\text{trace}(kA)=k\,\text{trace}(A). These two quantities do not scale in the same way, so treat them separately.

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