MCQMediumJEE 2024Applications of Integrals (Area)

JEE Mathematics 2024 Question with Solution

The area of the region defined by y24xy^2 \le 4x, x<4x < 4, and xy(x1)(x2)(x3)(x4)>0xy(x - 1)(x - 2)(x - 3)(x - 4) > 0 is:

  • A

    163\frac{16}{3}

  • B

    643\frac{64}{3}

  • C

    83\frac{8}{3}

  • D

    323\frac{32}{3}

Answer

Correct answer:D

Step-by-step solution

Standard Method

Given: y24xy^2 \le 4x, x<4x < 4 and the sign condition from the solution is treated as

xy(x1)(x2)(x3)(x4)>0\frac{xy(x-1)(x-2)}{(x-3)(x-4)} > 0

Find: the area of the required region.

From y24xy^2 \le 4x, the boundary is the parabola

y=±2xy = \pm 2\sqrt{x}

so the vertical height of the enclosed strip is

24x=4x.2\sqrt{4x} = 4\sqrt{x}.

Using sign analysis shown in the solution:

  • For y>0y > 0, valid intervals are x(0,1)(2,3)x \in (0,1) \cup (2,3).
  • For y<0y < 0, valid intervals are x(1,2)(3,4)x \in (1,2) \cup (3,4). Hence, over the whole region the allowed strips together cover x(0,4)x \in (0,4) exactly once in area calculation.
A sketch of the parabola opening right, vertical lines at x equals 1, 2, 3, 4, and hatched alternating regions inside the parabola showing the included area.

Therefore, the area is

Area=204xdx\text{Area} = 2 \int_{0}^{4} \sqrt{x} \, dx

Now,

xdx=23x3/2\int \sqrt{x} \, dx = \frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}

so

Area=223[x3/2]04\text{Area} = 2 \cdot \frac{2}{3}\left[x^{3/2}\right]_{0}^{4} =43(4)3/2= \frac{4}{3}(4)^{3/2} =438=323.= \frac{4}{3} \cdot 8 = \frac{32}{3}.

Therefore, the total area is 323\frac{32}{3}. The correct option is D.

Case-wise Sign Analysis

Given: y24xy^2 \le 4x, x<4x < 4 and the sign condition used in the extracted solution. Find: the required area by splitting according to the sign of yy.

Because the sign condition contains a factor of yy, consider two cases.

For Case I, y>0y > 0, the solution gives

x(x1)(x2)(x3)(x4)>0,\frac{x(x-1)(x-2)}{(x-3)(x-4)} > 0,

which holds for

x(0,1)(2,3).x \in (0,1) \cup (2,3).

For Case II, y<0y < 0, the solution gives

x(x1)(x2)(x3)(x4)<0,\frac{x(x-1)(x-2)}{(x-3)(x-4)} < 0,

which holds for

x(1,2)(3,4).x \in (1,2) \cup (3,4).

These intervals partition the full range from 00 to 44 between the upper and lower halves of the parabola. Since the parabola is

y=±2x,y = \pm 2\sqrt{x},

each vertical strip contributes height 2x2\sqrt{x} on the chosen half, and combining both halves gives

Area=204xdx.\text{Area} = 2\int_0^4 \sqrt{x} \, dx.

Now evaluate:

Area=204x1/2dx=2[23x3/2]04=43(43/20)=438=323.\begin{aligned} \text{Area} &= 2\int_0^4 x^{1/2} \, dx \\ &= 2\left[\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}\right]_0^4 \\ &= \frac{4}{3}\left(4^{3/2} - 0\right) \\ &= \frac{4}{3} \cdot 8 \\ &= \frac{32}{3}. \end{aligned}

Hence the correct option is D.

Common mistakes

  • A common mistake is to ignore the factor involving yy in the sign condition. That is wrong because the valid interval changes between y>0y>0 and y<0y<0. Split the region into the two cases before combining the area.

  • Another mistake is to take the parabola height as 2x2\sqrt{x} for the whole region. That gives only one half of the vertical span. For y24xy^2 \le 4x, the full top-to-bottom distance is 4x4\sqrt{x}.

  • Students may integrate only up to x=3x=3 after incomplete sign analysis. The extracted solution shows that the allowed upper and lower parts together extend through 00 to 44. Use the full covered interval when computing total area.

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