MCQMediumJEE 2024Applications of Integrals (Area)

JEE Mathematics 2024 Question with Solution

Let the area of region {(x,y):x2y+40,x+2y20,x+4y28,y0}\{(x,y): x - 2y + 4 \ge 0, x + 2y^2 \ge 0, x+4y^2 \le 8, y \ge 0\} be m/nm/n with mm and nn coprime. Find m+nm+n.

  • A

    119119

  • B

    120120

  • C

    121121

  • D

    122122

Answer

Correct answer:A

Step-by-step solution

Standard Method

Given: The region is defined by

x2y+40,x+2y20,x+4y28,y0x - 2y + 4 \ge 0,\quad x + 2y^2 \ge 0,\quad x + 4y^2 \le 8,\quad y \ge 0

Find: The value of m+nm+n when the enclosed area is mn\frac{m}{n}.

Rewrite the inequalities in boundary form:

x2y4,x2y2,x84y2,y0x \ge 2y - 4,\quad x \ge -2y^2,\quad x \le 8 - 4y^2,\quad y \ge 0

So for a fixed yy, the right boundary is x=84y2x = 8 - 4y^2 and the left boundary is the larger of x=2y2x = -2y^2 and x=2y4x = 2y - 4.

Find where the two left boundaries intersect:

2y2=2y4-2y^2 = 2y - 4 y2+y2=0y^2 + y - 2 = 0 (y1)(y+2)=0(y-1)(y+2)=0

Since y0y \ge 0, the relevant value is y=1y=1.

Also, the top of the feasible region comes from the intersection of

84y2=2y48 - 4y^2 = 2y - 4

which gives

4y2+2y12=04y^2 + 2y - 12 = 0 2y2+y6=02y^2 + y - 6 = 0 (2y3)(y+2)=0(2y-3)(y+2)=0

Hence the relevant upper limit is y=32y=\frac{3}{2}.

Therefore, split the area into two parts:

A=01[(84y2)(2y2)]dy+13/2[(84y2)(2y4)]dyA = \int_0^1 \left[(8 - 4y^2) - (-2y^2)\right] dy + \int_1^{3/2} \left[(8 - 4y^2) - (2y - 4)\right] dy

Evaluate the first integral:

01[(84y2)(2y2)]dy=01(82y2)dy\int_0^1 \left[(8 - 4y^2) - (-2y^2)\right] dy = \int_0^1 (8 - 2y^2) \, dy =[8y2y33]01=823=223= \left[ 8y - \frac{2y^3}{3} \right]_0^1 = 8 - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{22}{3}

Evaluate the second integral:

13/2[(84y2)(2y4)]dy=13/2(122y4y2)dy\int_1^{3/2} \left[(8 - 4y^2) - (2y - 4)\right] dy = \int_1^{3/2} (12 - 2y - 4y^2) \, dy =[12yy24y33]13/2=1912= \left[ 12y - y^2 - \frac{4y^3}{3} \right]_1^{3/2} = \frac{19}{12}

Now add the two parts:

A=223+1912=10712A = \frac{22}{3} + \frac{19}{12} = \frac{107}{12}

So

mn=10712\frac{m}{n} = \frac{107}{12}

with m=107m=107 and n=12n=12.

Therefore, m+n=107+12=119m+n = 107+12 = 119. The correct option is A.

Boundary Comparison by Horizontal Strips

Given: The feasible region is bounded by a line, two parabolas, and y0y \ge 0. Find: The enclosed area and then m+nm+n.

For horizontal integration, compare the candidate left boundaries:

  • x=2y2x = -2y^2
  • x=2y4x = 2y - 4

For 0y10 \le y \le 1, we have 2y22y4-2y^2 \ge 2y-4, so the left boundary is x=2y2x=-2y^2. For 1y321 \le y \le \frac{3}{2}, we have 2y42y22y-4 \ge -2y^2, so the left boundary is x=2y4x=2y-4.

The common right boundary throughout the feasible part is

x=84y2x = 8 - 4y^2

Hence the strip length changes at y=1y=1, which is why the integral must be split there.

Using horizontal strips,

A=01[(84y2)(2y2)]dy+13/2[(84y2)(2y4)]dyA = \int_0^1 \bigl[(8-4y^2)-(-2y^2)\bigr] \, dy + \int_1^{3/2} \bigl[(8-4y^2)-(2y-4)\bigr] \, dy

This yields

A=01(82y2)dy+13/2(122y4y2)dyA = \int_0^1 (8-2y^2) \, dy + \int_1^{3/2} (12-2y-4y^2) \, dy

which evaluates to

A=223+1912=10712A = \frac{22}{3} + \frac{19}{12} = \frac{107}{12}

Thus m=107m=107, n=12n=12, and therefore m+n=119m+n=119. The correct option is A.

Common mistakes

  • Using x=2y2x=-2y^2 as the left boundary for the entire region is incorrect because the actual left boundary changes after y=1y=1. Always compare 2y2-2y^2 and 2y42y-4 and take the larger value, since both inequalities are of the form xexpressionx \ge \text{expression}.

  • Finding the switching point incorrectly by equating the wrong pair of curves leads to wrong limits. The split point comes from 2y2=2y4-2y^2 = 2y-4, while the top limit comes from 84y2=2y48-4y^2 = 2y-4.

  • Integrating with respect to xx instead of yy can make the region handling much more complicated because the boundaries are naturally expressed as xx in terms of yy. Use horizontal strips here for a cleaner setup.

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