MCQEasyJEE 2023Gauss's Law Applications

JEE Physics 2023 Question with Solution

As shown in the figure, a point charge QQ is placed at the centre of a conducting spherical shell of inner radius aa and outer radius bb. The electric field due to charge QQ in three different regions I, II, and III is given by: (I : r<ar < a, II : a<r<ba < r < b, III : r>br > b)

A conducting spherical shell with a point charge Q at the center, inner radius a, outer radius b, and regions I inside cavity, II in conductor, and III outside shell.
  • A

    EI=0,EII=0,EIII0E_I = 0, E_{II} = 0, E_{III} \neq 0

  • B

    EI0,EII=0,EIII=0E_I \neq 0, E_{II} = 0, E_{III} = 0

  • C

    EI=0,EII=0,EIII=0E_I = 0, E_{II} = 0, E_{III} = 0

  • D

    EI=0,EII0,EIII=0E_I = 0, E_{II} \neq 0, E_{III} = 0

Answer

Correct answer:D

Step-by-step solution

Standard Method

Given: A point charge QQ is placed at the centre of a conducting spherical shell with inner radius aa and outer radius bb. The three regions are I : r<ar<a, II : a<r<ba<r<b, and III : r>br>b.

Find: The electric field in the three regions.

From the solution, the working states that the electric field inside the material of a conductor is zero. Therefore, in region II,

EII=0E_{II}=0

Since the point charge QQ is at the centre of the cavity, the field in region I is non-zero due to the enclosed charge:

EI0E_I \neq 0

For points outside the shell, the net enclosed charge is QQ, so the external field is also non-zero:

EIII0E_{III} \neq 0

Thus the physically correct conclusion from the solution is

EI0,  EII=0,  EIII0E_I \neq 0,\; E_{II}=0,\; E_{III} \neq 0

However, this does not match any listed option verbatim. The solution says The Correct Option is D, but the displayed statement corresponds to neither option D nor the answer key. Therefore the source has an answer-key discrepancy.

Therefore, the correct field pattern is EI0,EII=0,EIII0E_I \neq 0, E_{II}=0, E_{III} \neq 0, and the option mapping is ambiguous because no option matches this exactly.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming the electric field is zero everywhere because the shell is a conductor is incorrect. The field is zero only inside the conducting material, not inside the cavity or necessarily outside the shell.

  • Treating region I as part of the conductor is wrong. Region I is the empty cavity containing the charge QQ, so the field there is non-zero.

  • Assuming the field outside the shell must vanish is incorrect for an isolated shell with a central charge. Outside, the enclosed net charge is QQ, so the field remains non-zero.

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